Hammer



K. C. BUGG Dec. 27, 1949 HAMMER ZSheetS-Sheet l y Filed April 19, 1945INVENTOR.

9 M C W K. C. BUGG HAMMER Filed April 19, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 0 T.. mE www w. C W .9 .Sw m Y /M B @www QQ. 9. ,mw @QQ @996% @N NQ @w sw NNwww @Qm S @QN 1\|\ I u WVINWWW Il H4 Trv H 1 www www w .MM s@ 913.4? wKw QQ. @QN QN NQ QKN QQ m @www Smu w94 QN 9N Patented Dec. 27, 1949UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAMMER Kenly C. Bugg, Fort Wayne, Ind.

Application April 19, 1945, Serial No. 589,159

4 Claims. 1

This invention pertains to percussion tools and, more particularly, topower actuated hammers.

An object of the invention is to provide a power driven hammer utilizinga spring as energizing means, which is loaded and released in apredetermined cycle to cause a blow to be delivered.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power driven hammerwherein substantially no blow is delivered against the operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power driven hammerwherein a shaft is rotated and reciprocated by actuating and powerstoring means which rotate with the shaft to greatly reduce the frictionin the device whereby heat and wear is greatly reduced.

Another object is to provide a percussion tool wherein the operatingmembers thereof may be assembled readily from one end of the tool andthereafter positively held in working relation, one with respect to theother, by a single member completing the casing assembly, which memberis readily and quickly secured to the casing.

Another object is to provide a percussion tool wherein a cam is providedas actuating meansk for storing energy for delivering blows, wherein thecam is integral with the operating shaft and hammer and anvil.

Another object is to provide a power driven tool wherein there is asubstantially constant delivery of force and wherein rotary power meansdrives the device to deliver a reciprocating movement.

Another object is to provide a tool wherein the blows are only had in adelivery direction, thus reducing shock to the operator, and permittingthe use of a lighter tool as recoil anisrn is eliminated.

Another object is to provide a percussiontool which has mechanismadaptable for a large range of sizes, as where an engraving or dentiststool is used,or where the use is for masonry, caulking, riveting, etc. Y

, Another object is to provide a percussion tool wherein the actuatingmeans includes a cam and ball, the cam being so constructed and arrangedthat the ball follows the cam. p

With these and various other objects in view, the invention may consistof certain novel features of construction and operation as will be morefullyr described and particularly pointed out in the specification,drawings and claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, which illustrate embodiments mechg of the device andwherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts-Figure 1 is a fragmentary, sectional elevation. of one form ofpercussion tool embodying the,

invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary, sectional elevation. of a modied form ofpercussion tool embodying Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevationof the sleeve illustrated in Figure 3, the same.v

being'taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 4-4 ofFigure 3;

Figure 5 is a top plan view of a modied form of sleeve adapted for usewith the tool illustrated in Figure 2; and

Figure 6 is a sectional elevation taken substani' tially in the plane asindicated by the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Referring rst of all, more particularly, to the form of tool illustratedin Figure 1, the tool comprises operating means such as indicated by themotor casing 20 which houses a motor adapted to be operated by the usualtrigger and is provided With the conventional gripl (not shown)..

It is, of course, understood that the operating means may be remote fromthe tool, in which case the tool is driven by a iiexible shaft. Thisdriving means, obviously may be used with the form of constructionillustrated in Figure 2.

The motor casing is provided with the flange 22 externally threaded asat 24 for the reception of complementary threads of the nut or retain- Aing sleeve 26, the nut 26 being provided with the spaced resilient meansor packing 21 and 28 dis--4 4posed between vthe nut and the sleeve 30,the vsleeve 30 having a radial flange 32 thereon disposed between thepacking, the packing 28 beingy retained by the end ange 34 of the nut.The packing 21 is disposed between the iiange .32

and the end of the threaded ange 22 of thel motor casing 20.

The ilange 22 is also internally threaded as at 36 for the reception ofa retaining ring 38 which is adapted to retain the antifriction bearings4l] of the motor drive shaft 42. The motor drive shaft 42 is threadablyconnected as at 4A to the coupling member or block 46 which is adaptedvto be rotated by the shaft 4.2 and is provided with the slot or femalecoupling portion 48.

The sleeve 30 is threaded as at 50 for the complementary threads on therear end of the casing 52, a limiting shoulder 54 being provided on thecasing 52 engaging the end of the sleeve 30. The forward end of thecasing 52 is threaded as at 56 for the reception of complementarythreads on the nose 58, said nose being provided with the limitingshoulder 80 adapted to engage the end of casing 52. The nose is providedwith the axial tool end passage 62 through which an end of a work toolis adapted to be extended, the passage 62 communicating with an enlargedaxial passage or recess E4, exhaust passages 56 extending through thenose to the enlarged recess 64. A bearing 68 is disposed in the recess54 and receives the striking anvil portion of the shaft 12, the bearingbeing conveniently secured as by the ange 14 interlocking in subrecessT8.

The shaft 'l2 is provided with the male coupling member 18 slidablyreceived in the slot 48 whereby reciprocation of the shaft is permittedwithrespect to the coupling member 46 but rotation therebetween. is`prevented. The.Y shaft'V '12.has a portion`80 slidably mounted in thesleeve82 which is xedlymountedto the coupling member 46.and is providedwith the springseat84 for the spring 86. 'The other` end of the spring8G seats onthe seat .88 vof the hammer member 90, thehammer member'being substantially cylindrical and adapted to rotate and reciprocatein thecasing'52.

The hammer member Sisprovidedwiththe camt82 said cam ,being providedwiththe startingportion. or entrance.' 94, the` helical` orjslopingportion 96 terminating at the exitor crest, said .crest beingconnectedby the precipice |`00.to the entranceportion.' The precipice ispreferably ina'plane Whichis axially disposed and is of,A

rection;ofthe.arrow shown in 'Figure 1, causes..

relative movement' betweenthe cami92 andthe ballfl`02. `,Rotation. ofthe cam.' thus has the effect of causingthe ball`to move,fcrexample,"from thestarting point ;|-)4.to'.the exit 98. 'The ball|021rnoving .overthe race |04, which is normal tothe axis of theshaft,causes compressionof the spring 86 and when'the ball falls `down thepreci-Y pice'tofthe startinggpoint the anvil' "0 is moved quickly bythespringto engage the tool end which has' been; protrudedV .throughthe, passage '82 Ainto,

recess 64. Thus a blowis directed to'the tool end. The `ball|02, beingof less diameter'than thefdepth oflthe precipice, does noi-,.Ztake. anyblow.

Referring now to the modification 'illustrated being retained by ange|20 and the end of the flange |08.

The ange |08 is also internally threaded as at |24 for the reception ofthe retaining ring |26 which is adapted to retain the antifrictionbearings |28 of the motor drive shaft |30. The motor drive shaft isthreadably connected as at |32 to the coupling member or block |34 whichis adapted to be rotated with the shaft and is Drovided` with` a slot orfemale coupling portion |36.

The sleeve ||8 is threaded as at |38 for the reception of complementarythreads on the rear `-:.end of the casing |40, a limiting shoulder or...wall |42 being provided on the casing |40 engagin'liigure. 2, thetool lcomprises operating means ||8'1s provided with the radial flange|20 'dis' posed between the, packing members, the packing ||6being-retained' by theV endliarlge |22 ofthe nut ||2 `and the flange|20, andthe packingY |4.

' ball L96.

ing the end of the sleeve H8 and providing a springgseair'.antifrictionbearing seat, or thrust shoulder, the wall |42 being provided with theshaft bearing |44. The forward end of the casing-|i is; threaded as atUli:` for the reception of complementary threads on the nose |48, saidnose being providedwith the limiting shoulder adapted to engagetheendof. thecasing |40. The

nose'is provided with the axial tool end passage- |52 thronghwhichanendv of a work toolis adapted to be extended. "Thepassage |52-communicates with an enlarged axial passage or recess |54, exhaustpassages |55 extending through the.

noseto'the enlarged recess |54. 'A .bearing |58 is Vdisposed in therecess |54 and receives 'the bearing'endor anvil portion |60 ofi theshaft.|.62, the bearing being conveniently secured as by the flange 64Vinterlocking-in subrecess 66.

'Theshaft'lSZ' is provided with thev male Vcousleeve lrdisposed between.the 4harnmermember andthe casing. .Thesleeve is free to rotatefwithin:the-:casing but is restrained from longitudinal-movement'fatfone end bytheishoulder |82on' the casing |40 and on the otherendibyztheball`l.race i|84 provided..on,the nose |55 :and-bearing 58,'tlieA race 84 tbeing.- in a plane-.normal to the "ing..portion .I .8D-terminatingv atthe exit ,or Vcrest |82,.,s1aid. crest..being connected-bythefpleci-pice y |94 to the entranceportion. The precipice preferably isin la plane which is axially-disposed and is fof. greaterlengththan.thediameterlof .the

also move over the race |84l and. inthe construcf tion shown, the cam isso shaped -as to provide `an arcuateportion lilwhich partially embracesVthe ball, preventingth'e ball from 'beingA projected diagonallyfromtheprecipice and also givesfmore than a point contact betweenthehammerand ball. The sleeve |30 and `race |.84may. also be madearcuate if so desired.

In orderto further insure the ball following Sleeve-204 (Figures.-and)`maybe used such An antifriction. member such as 'the ball lisradaptedto` move over thecam Land the cam` and precipicethe sleeve. (ligures4 3and., fi) l is v'provided with. .the arcuatel notched portion'f; 200which may locally slot'the sleeve as,at,202.

as shown in' Patent No. 2,323,375, Kenly C. Bugg, gnanted July 6, 1943,which sleeve is provided with a longitudinal arcuate slot 206 disposedfor the length of the sleeve but not slotting the wall.

In operation of this hammer, rotation of the motor shaft causes rotationof the shaft |62 in the direction of the arrow whereby, in effect, the'ball and cam move relatively to each other runtil the -ball falls downthe aprecipice. During this cycle, the sleeve moves with the ball with arotary movement around the Iaxis of the shaft, and the spring |14 iscompressed and suddenly released when the ball falls down the precipice,thereby permitting the :anvil |60 to deliver a blow to the tool endwhich protrudes into the recess |54.

Itis, of course, understood that no sleeve may be used in theconstruction shown in Figure 2, though the yoperation is more positivewith the sleeve, and also a sleeve may be used in the construction shownin Figure 1, and also the clam of the construction sh-own in Figure 1may be formed with an arcuate portion as shown in Figure 2.

It is to be understood that this vapplication is not to be limited bythe exact embodiments Aof the device shown, which are merely by way yofi1- lustration and not limitation yas various and other forms of thedevice will, of course, be apparent tothose skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the-spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. In a percussion tool for striking the end of a work tool associatedtherewith, the .combination of a casing, a closure for `one end of saidcasing having a bearing recess in said casing and having a passageextending from said recess through the louter end of said c-losurethrough which said end of said work tool may be extended into saidrecess, said closure within said casing having a race for anantifriction member disposed adjacent said recess and in -a plane normalto the axis ofthe casing, a rotatable Ishaft mounted for reciprocationin said casing having a substantially cylindrical anvil portion integraltherewith yadjacent one end and reciprocally and rotatably mounted in labearing provided in said recess, the axes of said shaft, said casing,said recess and said passage coinciding, the end -of said anvil portionwithin the recess strikingly engaging the end of the work tool extendedinto said recess, sai-d shaft having a hammer lportion integral withsaid shaft and anvil portion, said shaftl hammer and anvil portionsrotating and reciprocating as a unit, said hammer portion adjacent saidanvil portion having a cam facing said nace, said cam having an entranceand an inclined, substantially helical portion terminating in an exit,said exit and entrance being connected by a precipice disposed in adirection axially of said shaft, a floating, spherical, anti-frictionmember disposed between said cam an-d race, the diameter Iof saidanti-friction member being less than the length of said `precipice,resilient means between said casing and hammer Iportion engaging theside of the hammer portion `opposite to the cam, urging said shaft,hammer and anvil portions toward the elo-sure to cause the anvil portionto strike the end of the work tool extended through said passage,operating means for rotating said shaft, and a coupling between saidoperating means and shaft permitting reciprocating movement of the shaftwith respect to the operating means without shock to the operating meansduring striking of the 4work tool.

2. In a percussion tool for striking the end of .ga'fworktool associatedtherewith, the combinationro'f a casing, a closure for lone end of saidcasing having a bearing recess in said casing and having a passageextending from said recess through the outer end of said closure throughwhich saidend of said Work tool may be ex-i tended into said recess,said closure withinsaid casing having a race forl an antifriction memberdisposed adjacent said recess and in a plane normal to the axis of thecasing, a rotatable shaft mountedfor reciprocation in said casing havingasubstantially cylindrical anvil portion integral therewith adjacent oneyend and reciprocally and rotatably mounted in a bearing provided insaid recess,;the axes of said shaft, said casing, said recess andsaid'passage coinciding, the end of said anvil portion within the recessstrikingly engaging the end ofthe work tool extended into said recess,said shaft having a hammer portion integral with said shaft and anvilportion, said shaft, hammerand anvil portions rotating and reciprocatingas a unit, said hammer portion adjacent said anvil portion having a camfacing said race, said cam having an entrance and an inclinedsubstantially helical portion terminating in an exit, said exit andentrance being connected by a precipice disposed in a direction axiallyof said shaft, a floating, spherical, antifriction member disposedbetween said cam and race, the diameter yof said anti-friction memberbeing lless lthan vthe length of said preciplce. operating means forrotating said shaft, a coupling between said operating means and shaftpermitting reciprocating movement of the shaft with respect to theoperating means without shock to the operating means during striking ofthe work tool, said coupling having a seat xed thereto and rotatablewith said shaft and said last named seat, and resilient means betweensaid last named seat and hammer portion having one end engaging saidlast named seat and the other end engaging the. side of the hammerportion opposite to the cam, urging said shaft, hammer and anvilportions toward the closure -to cause the anvil portion to strike theend of the work tool extended through said passage.

3. In a percussion tool for striking the end of a work tool, thecombination of a casing, a closure for one end of said casing having abearing recess in said casing and having a passage extending from saidrecess through the outer end of said closure through which said end ofsaid work tool may be extended into said recess, said closure Withinsaid casing having a race for an anti-friction member disposed adjacentsaid recess and in a plane' normal to the axis of the casing, arotatable shaft mounted for reciprocation in said casing having asubstantially cylindrical anvil portion integral therewith adjacent oneend and reciprocally and rotatably mounted in a bearing provided in saidrecess, the axes of said shaft, said casing, said recess and saidpassage coinciding, the end of said anvil portion within the recessstrikingly engaging the end of the Work tool extended into said recess,said shaft having a hammer portion integral with said shaft and anvilportion, said shaft, hammer and anvil portions rotating andreciprocating as a unit, said hammer portion adjacent said anvil portionhaving a cam facing said race, said cam having an entrance and aninclined substantially helical portion terminating in an exit, said exitand entrance being connected by a precipice disposed in a direction.maniero axally:f saidzlshaft, asiloating, spherical; antitrictionmember disposed;between saidcam andracepthe;diametermfsfsaidfantiffrictlonrmember being'x less: vthan the.'length'nof-said rprecipice, operatngfmeans for'` rotating said: shaft,and: a eonplingwbetween said-'operating means:and Vshaftpermittngerecprocating movement fof rthashaft withl :respect-. to :thel:operating smeans i without shock .to fthe operating a' means fduringf`:striking ofthe work.tuohanantiefrictiorr bearing-'mounted ing-saidcasing providing.:axspringsseat. rotatable inai'dscasingsandaazspringfAhaving 'one lend 'engaginglsaidrlastt'namedspring seat:.and the otherend; engagingzithezside .of the: hammer i portionopposite;tozthelzcam,turgingssaidffshaft, hammerand;anvihportionszitoward'the closure to cause theranvilf` portion.tozstrkei the end. `of the-work tool extended through isa-id' passage.

weh-In; apercussion'ftool"foristriking the end: vof axworktookthecombination of a casing,aclosure forgonesendaofsaidfcasingrhaving:abearing recess in said casing having a passageextending from;saidlrecesslthrough'the outer endfof saidclosuretthronghwhich sai'd'endof said Work tool may,fbe-^:extende`dinto. said recess, said 'closure Withinzsaid casinglhaving. a rracel'foran Y antifrictionfmember fidisposedcadjacent -s'aid recess andina-azplaneiznormalfto:the:axis ofithe casing, 'a rotatable shaft:mountedfI-for Areciprocation insaid casing,-:havingxeasubstantiallycylindrical anvil portion: 'integral therewith. adjacent oneendan'dreciprocallymdsnotatablyfmounted ina bearing providedf in said recess:the axes offsaid 1 shaft, saidzcasing-tsaide recesszandsaid passagecoinciding-,fthe end. of;said.,.anvi1iportion .within the`v`recessr-strikinglyzengaging the end of the work tool extended :intosaid recess,- said shaft having a hammer xportion integral :with :saidshaft and anvil:portion;fsaidshaft,V hammer andfanvil portions;.rotatingA and reciprocating as a unit, said hammer: portion adjacentsaid -anvilfportion having, a-cam'rfacing said race, said cam havinganentrance 'and an 'inclined substantially she-ticalportioniterminatingrin an exit, said exitf'andv-emtrance 1 bei-"ngconnected by' a, precipice disposed in a direction axially of saidshaft, said' hammer and anvilfportions. adjacent said cam having-frecess'of ashapetorreceive a spherical anti-'friction member and permit itstravel over `said-'cani'. aioating, spherical, anti-friction memberdisposedlbetween :said-cam and race, andlinfsai'd recess, -thefdiameterof said anti-frictionmember being -lessthan the length ofsaidpreoipicef-a sleevedisposed-ina-recess in saidcasing betweensaidTace-an'd a vslxou-lder in said casngl'defn-ing said flast*name'dfrace, locating said sleeve-against substantial :movement axiallyof the casing, said sleevezbeingrotatablawith respect to said casingandhammer portion and having a sl'ot'forfreey receiving saidvanti-friction member, :operating means ffor rotating said shaft, andacoupling-be# tvv'eenrsa'id-I operating means and shaftpermittlngreciprocating movement of the shaft with respect to theroperating meansWithout shock to the'operating-fmeans during `striking ofthe work tool;a. spring seat in said casing xed against movement axially; of saidcasing but rotatable with-respect thereto, and a spring having one endengaging sai'd `lastrrnai'ned spring'seat andthe other'end engagingtheside of the ham-merportiongopposite tothe cana-'urging sai'dshafh-hammerand'anvil portions toward the closure to cause thef'anvil portion tostrike the end of the Work`1toi-'extendedthroughlsad passage.

`KENLY C. BUGG.

4rREFERENCES 'CITED "Thelfollowing references are of recordinlthe file'ofjthis patent:

. :UNITED s STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 270,929 'Y'Bugg Jan. 27,1942 25323;3'75 Bugg July-,6, l1943

